stm32 uart dma数据错误之后无法接收的问题

数据乱码会导致串口接收到大量的错误数据，导致程序不能及时的读取数据，产生ORE错误

ORE错误产生之后，可以调用以下函数进行清除

__HAL_UART_CLEAR_OREFLAG(huart);

在使用DMA模式或者中断模式接收时，会发现错误清除后，串口并未恢复正常

进一步查看源码，HAL库在ORE错误时，将串口中断进行关闭。如果同时使用了DMA，会将DMA的状态设置为HAL_DMA_STATE_ABORT，导致DMA无法再次开启，可以通过重写void HAL_UART_ErrorCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)函数进行重新初始化，即可恢复串口接收。

/**
  * @brief  This function handles UART interrupt request.
  * @param  huart  Pointer to a UART_HandleTypeDef structure that contains
  *                the configuration information for the specified UART module.
  * @retval None
  */
void HAL_UART_IRQHandler(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
  uint32_t isrflags   = READ_REG(huart->Instance->SR);
  uint32_t cr1its     = READ_REG(huart->Instance->CR1);
  uint32_t cr3its     = READ_REG(huart->Instance->CR3);
  uint32_t errorflags = 0x00U;
  uint32_t dmarequest = 0x00U;

  ........................................
  ........................................

  /* If some errors occur */
  if ((errorflags != RESET) && (((cr3its & USART_CR3_EIE) != RESET)
                                || ((cr1its & (USART_CR1_RXNEIE | USART_CR1_PEIE)) != RESET)))
  {
    /* UART parity error interrupt occurred ----------------------------------*/
    if (((isrflags & USART_SR_PE) != RESET) && ((cr1its & USART_CR1_PEIE) != RESET))
    {
      huart->ErrorCode |= HAL_UART_ERROR_PE;
    }

    /* UART noise error interrupt occurred -----------------------------------*/
    if (((isrflags & USART_SR_NE) != RESET) && ((cr3its & USART_CR3_EIE) != RESET))
    {
      huart->ErrorCode |= HAL_UART_ERROR_NE;
    }

    /* UART frame error interrupt occurred -----------------------------------*/
    if (((isrflags & USART_SR_FE) != RESET) && ((cr3its & USART_CR3_EIE) != RESET))
    {
      huart->ErrorCode |= HAL_UART_ERROR_FE;
    }

    /* UART Over-Run interrupt occurred --------------------------------------*/
    if (((isrflags & USART_SR_ORE) != RESET) && (((cr1its & USART_CR1_RXNEIE) != RESET)
                                                 || ((cr3its & USART_CR3_EIE) != RESET)))
    {
      huart->ErrorCode |= HAL_UART_ERROR_ORE;
    }

    /* Call UART Error Call back function if need be --------------------------*/
    if (huart->ErrorCode != HAL_UART_ERROR_NONE)
    {
      /* UART in mode Receiver -----------------------------------------------*/
      if (((isrflags & USART_SR_RXNE) != RESET) && ((cr1its & USART_CR1_RXNEIE) != RESET))
      {
        UART_Receive_IT(huart);
      }

      /* If Overrun error occurs, or if any error occurs in DMA mode reception,
         consider error as blocking */
      dmarequest = HAL_IS_BIT_SET(huart->Instance->CR3, USART_CR3_DMAR);
      if (((huart->ErrorCode & HAL_UART_ERROR_ORE) != RESET) || dmarequest)
      {
        /* Blocking error : transfer is aborted
           Set the UART state ready to be able to start again the process,
           Disable Rx Interrupts, and disable Rx DMA request, if ongoing */
        UART_EndRxTransfer(huart);

        /* Disable the UART DMA Rx request if enabled */
        if (HAL_IS_BIT_SET(huart->Instance->CR3, USART_CR3_DMAR))
        {
          ATOMIC_CLEAR_BIT(huart->Instance->CR3, USART_CR3_DMAR);

          /* Abort the UART DMA Rx stream */
          if (huart->hdmarx != NULL)
          {
            /* Set the UART DMA Abort callback :
               will lead to call HAL_UART_ErrorCallback() at end of DMA abort procedure */
            huart->hdmarx->XferAbortCallback = UART_DMAAbortOnError;
            if (HAL_DMA_Abort_IT(huart->hdmarx) != HAL_OK)
            {
              /* Call Directly XferAbortCallback function in case of error */
              huart->hdmarx->XferAbortCallback(huart->hdmarx);
            }
          }
          else
          {
            /* Call user error callback */
#if (USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
            /*Call registered error callback*/
            huart->ErrorCallback(huart);
#else
            /*Call legacy weak error callback*/
            HAL_UART_ErrorCallback(huart);
#endif /* USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
          }
        }
        else
        {
          /* Call user error callback */
#if (USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
          /*Call registered error callback*/
          huart->ErrorCallback(huart);
#else
          /*Call legacy weak error callback*/
          HAL_UART_ErrorCallback(huart);
#endif /* USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
        }
      }
      else
      {
        /* Non Blocking error : transfer could go on.
           Error is notified to user through user error callback */
#if (USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
        /*Call registered error callback*/
        huart->ErrorCallback(huart);
#else
        /*Call legacy weak error callback*/
        HAL_UART_ErrorCallback(huart);
#endif /* USE_HAL_UART_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */

        huart->ErrorCode = HAL_UART_ERROR_NONE;
      }
    }
    return;
  } /* End if some error occurs */
  ........................................
  ........................................
}

以下为UART+DMA接收发生错误时处理方法：

/** 函数名：HAL_UART_ErrorCallback
  * 功能	：
  * 输入	：
	* 输出	：
	* 编写人：XMW
  */
void HAL_UART_ErrorCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
	__HAL_UART_CLEAR_OREFLAG(huart);
	if(huart->hdmarx->Lock == HAL_LOCKED || huart->hdmarx->State == HAL_DMA_STATE_ABORT)
	{
		HAL_DMA_DeInit(huart->hdmarx);
		HAL_DMA_Init(huart->hdmarx);
	}
}